Make hidden file/folder

Make hidden file/folder

1. Rename file/folder begin with “.” or end with “~”
2. Example file test.txt
3. Rename file test.txt to .test.txt or test.txt~

Rename label partition

December 11th, 2008, 08:30 AM
This guide is for editing FAT16/FAT32, NTFS, ext2/ext3, JFS, ReiserFS, and XFS filesystem partition labels.

Basics

There are 6 programs used to label a partition - the program used depends on the partition's filesystem type:

For FAT16 and FAT32 partitions, use mtools.

For NTFS partitions, use ntfsprogs.

For ext2 or ext3 partitions, use e2label.

For JFS partitions, use jfs_tune.

For ReiserFS (v3) partitions, use reiserfstune.

For XFS partitions, use xfs_admin

By default, external drives automount at /media/disk then /media/disk-1 and so on. This is not very helpful when trying to find the drive you are looking for, especially if you have multiple devices plugged in.

Labeled devices that automount will be mounted in the /media directory using their label as the mount point, /media/. ex: /media/my_external .

When creating labels, be sure that the new mount point (based on the label) does not already exist since hal's automount function creates the directory when it mounts the device.

This guide is primarily for external drives such as USB hard drives, USB flash drives, and flash memory cards. You can label internal disks, but to change their mount points, use MoveMountpointHowto which uses the file called Fstab.

Identify your Partition

Plug in your USB device (if you need to rename an USB device)and list your partitions with:

sudo fdisk -l

You can also list your mounted devices and their descriptions with:

mount

For the rest of this tutorial we will use the following:

= your device /dev/sdxy, ex: /dev/sdb1

= your desired (new) label, ex: my_external

Install the Labeling Program

Based on the package names listed above for each filesystem type, install the correct package for your partition:

sudo apt-get install

Here are all the different ones:

sudo apt-get install mtools

sudo apt-get install ntfsprogs

sudo apt-get install e2fsprogs

sudo apt-get install jfsutils

sudo apt-get install reiserfsprogs

sudo apt-get install xfsprogs

or install the appropriate package from Synaptic.

Unmount the Partition

Partitions generally need to be unmounted before you can fiddle with them, so unmount the partition of the device you want to change the label for:

sudo umount

ex:

sudo umount /dev/sdb1

If it was automounted, you can also unmount the drive by right clicking the desktop icon and clicking Unmount (or Eject in some cases).

Changing the Label

FAT16 and FAT32

These filesystems are most often found on USB thumb drives, flash cards (like for a camera or cell phone), and older external USB hard drives.
Check the current label

sudo mlabel -i -s ::

ex:

sudo mlabel -i /dev/sdb1 -s ::

Note that we're using the special "::" drive which allows us to specify the device descriptor on the command line; otherwise we'd have to edit ~/.mtoolsrc to assign a drive letter.

If you get a message like this:

Total number of sectors (7831520) not a multiple of sectors per track (63)!

You can easily ignore the check by running this command:

echo mtools_skip_check=1 >> ~/.mtoolsrc

Change the label

sudo mlabel -i ::

ex:

sudo mlabel -i /dev/sdb1 ::my_external

NTFS

This filesystem is most often found on external USB and firewire hard drives or other Windows formatted disks.
Check the current label

sudo ntfslabel

ex:

sudo ntfslabel /dev/sdb1

Change the label

Note: 128 characters maximum.

sudo ntfslabel

ex:

sudo ntfslabel /dev/sdb1 my_external

Ubuntu caches the drive's label so to see full affects of the change it is not enough just to umount and mount it again, the you should umount, remove, put back, mount again.

ext2 and ext3

These filesystems are most often found on linux formatted drives.
Check the current label

sudo e2label

ex:

sudo e2label /dev/sdb1

Change the label

Note: 16 characters maximum.

sudo e2label

ex:

sudo e2label /dev/sdb1 my_external


JFS

These filesystems are most often found on IBM and some linux formatted disks.
Check the current label

sudo jfs_tune -l

ex:

sudo jfs_tune /dev/sdb1

Change the label

Note: 16 characters maximum.

sudo jfs_tune -L

ex:

sudo jfs_tune -L my_external /dev/sdb1

ReiserFS (v3)

This filesystem is most often found on linux formatted disks.

Note: this could work with ReiserFS 4 too, I have not tried.
Change the label

Note: 16 characters maximum.

sudo reiserfstune -l

ex:

sudo reiserfstune -l my_external /dev/sdb1

XFS

This filesystem is most often found on UNIX formatted disks.
Check the current label

xfs_admin -l

ex:

xfs_admin -l /dev/sdb1

Change the label

Note: 12 characters maximum.

sudo xfs_admin -L

ex:

xfs_admin -l my_external /dev/sdb1

Verify the Change

Now for the easiest part: unplug the drive, wait a second, then plug it back in. It should appear on your desktop with the new label and have its new mount point.

DISCLAIMER: all the informations above are taken from the Ubuntu help site : https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RenameUSBDrive

Reset Setting user

Reset Setting user (all linux distro)

1. Change work directory to home directory by type cd ~
2. Delete all hidden directory by type rm -drf .*
3. Reboot Computer by type sudo reboot

Restart Printer Services

Restart Printer Services if printer can't print but printer status is ready (ubuntu with non HP Printer)

1. Type sudo /etc/init.d/cupsys restart
2. Your Printer will resume its job

Auto mapping share folder on startup

Auto mapping share folder on startup (ubuntu)

1. Type sudo crontab -e
2. Add line @reboot mount -t smbfs //(ip)/(shared folder) //(your folder)
3. You can add option username, password etc. See mount help by type man mount
4. Close nano by press CTRL+X then Y and ENTER

Problem Format Paper Margin in OpenOffice 2.2

Problem Format Paper Margin in OpenOffice 2.2 (all lunux distro)

1. OpenOffice 2.2 can't load paper setting in printer driver, so you can't print with true margin
2. Update your OpenOffice to OpenOffice 2.3 or latter can fix this problem

Print plain text file without printer driver to improve speed dot matrix printer (ubuntu)

1. Set permision /dev/lp0 (LPT Device) to readwrite by other user by type sudo chmod 666 /dev/lp0
2. To print plain text file, type cp /dev/lp0

Reset password

Reset password root or forgot password login (linux with grub boot loader without password)

1. Select recovery mode in your boot loader
2. if you also forgot your username you can view usename list by type nano /etc/passwd
3. Remember username that you want and close nano by press CTRL+X to close nano editor
4. Type passwd
5. Type new password and retype password

Activate root user

Activate root user (ubuntu)

1. Type sudo passwd root
2. Type New Password and Retype for root user
3. If you want the root user can login with gdm (gnome display manager) you
   must configure your ubuntu login window, go to security tab and check Allow local system administrator login

Error OpenOffice 2.3

Error OpenOffice 2.3 (Ubuntu Gutsy Gibbon 7.10)

1. If your OpenOffice have crash when open dialog (format dialog, font dialog, etc)
2. Change your Linux Theme into Gilder
3. Enjoy
   

Install Driver Prolink Modem

Install Driver Prolink Modem (Ubuntu 7.04)

1. Download ungrab_winmodem (Version 2.9.11-20070813)

2. Download slmodem (Version 20070505)
3. Install libstdc++6-4.1-dev
4. Extract ungrab_winmodem
5. Change Directory into ungrab_winmodem directory as root
6. Type make press Enter
7. Type make install press Enter
8. Type modprobe ungrab-winmodem press Enter
9. Extract slmodem
10. Change Directory into slmodem
11. Type make press Enter
12. Type make install press Enter
13. Type modprobe slamr press Enter
14. Type ln -s /dev/ttySL0 /dev/modem
15. Install KPPP
16. Enjoy

Accessing Mobile Phone Ubuntu Linux

Accessing photos and music in the Mobile Phone Ubuntu Linux

Introduction

She was looking for a way to transfer the files (pictures, music, ringtones, etc.) of the cell for the pc and vice versa. Although it had not found anything in Linux for that. Until had seen the gnokii, but it only serves to synchronize the calendar. I have a Nokia 6230 connected via cable DKU-2 (usb). These instructions have been tested with this equipment. The linux is the Ubuntu Dapper - 6.06.

Update Package

The software that we use makes use of libfuse. But the libfuse which comes in Ubuntu Dapper is defasada therefore we have to update it. In the terminal, enter:

1. sudo sh-c "echo deb http://repository.debuntu.org/ dapper multiverse>>/etc/apt/sources.list"
2. sudo apt-get update
3. sudo apt-get upgrade

That must update its package libfuse to version 2.5.3 or higher. For more information about this archive, please visit http://repository.debuntu.org

Adjusting the libusb

To access the phone via cable DKU-2, it is necessary to root. To avoid this, and can access it as a normal user, we have to make a small change in the /etc/udev/rules.d/40-permissions.rules. In the terminal, enter:

sudo gedit /etc/udev/rules.d/40-permissions.rules
Look for a line containing:

SUBSYSTEM == "usb_device", MODE = "0664"

And a substitute for:

SUBSYSTEM == "usb_device", GROUP = "plugdev", MODE = "0664" Save and

close the gedit.

Installing the packages

The software that we use is the openOBEX, which signal, already exists in Ubuntu Dapper. The problem is that the version that comes with it is too old and there is no support for the newest models of mobile phone. It is necessary then download the most current version of openOBEX and compile. To avoid the retrabalho, I did this and gerei three files. Deb, which can be installed without major difficulties. Baixem the files to follow in a temporary folder:

• Openobex - 1.3_1.3 - 1_i386.deb
• Obexftp - 0.21_0.21 - 1_i386.deb
• Obexfs - 0.10_0.10 - 1_i386.deb

In the terminal, go to the folder where you saved and enter:

1. sudo apt-get remove libopenobex-1.0-0 # remove the version that comes with the dapper
2. sudo dpkg-i *. deb # install the three packages downloaded

Execute the following commands in the terminal:

1. sudo mknod-m 666 /dev/fuse c 10 229
2. sudo gedit /etc/rc.local

In that opened editor, add this line at the end of the file (before the line "exit 0" if any):

1. mknod-m 666 /dev/fuse c 10 229

Save and close the file.

Testing

Connect the phone. Run the command (in the terminal):

1. Obexftp-u 0-l # L tiny

He should return an exit (XML) of the folders inside the cell. In my case, the output was as follows:

If USB setup permissions does not work in udev or run as superuser.
Connecting done ...
Receiving "(null)" ... \
Done Disconnecting ... done

If in your case the output was similar, then tá everything right. Let us for the next step. Otherwise, you should review the steps. Can I ask, too. Inside of my possibilities can help.

Terminating

Finally, we adjust the fstab so that we can mount a "virtual disk" with the contents of the cell. In the terminal, enter:

1. mkdir /media/nokia
2. sudo chmod 777 /media/nokia
3. sudo sh-c "echo obexfs #-u0 /media/nokia fuse defaults, user 0 0>>/etc/fstab"

Ready! Take a look at the menu or Local Computer. It must have appeared an icon for the folder Nokia. Between it and be happy!

Remarks

• Could not eject the "virtual disk" from the gnome, or even by umount. The solution is the command (the terminal): fusermount-u /media/nokia
• Through the nautilus unable to copy the files from the pc for the phone, he always says that there is no disk space. The way was copying the terminal.
• These procedures were tested using a Nokia 6230 and the cable DKU-2

Screenshots Nokia Phone In Ubuntu

Screenshots

List of Linux Application

List of Linux Application (most popular)

Category	Application Name
Office	OpenOffice, Koffice, GOffice
File Manager	Konqueror, Nautilus, Dolphin, Thunar
Audio Multimedia	Amarok, xmms, Noatun
Video Multimedia	Totem, VLC, Mplayer, GXine
CD/DVD Burning	K3b, Nero Linux, GnomeBaker
Education	Kstar, Stellarium, Kalzium, Ktouch, Marble
Graphic Editor	GIMP, Inkscape, DIA, QCAD
Web Editor	Nvu, Bluefish
Programing Editor	NetBeans, Eclipse, Geany, Kdevelop, Mono
Web Browser	Firefox, Opera, Konqueror
Game	Nexuiz, Xmoto, Tremulous, Battle for Wesnoth
Windows Game Emulator	Cedega
Windows Application Emulator	Wine, CrossOver
Virtual OS	VMWare
PS Emulator	PCSX, EPSXE
CD/DVD Ripper	K3b, Acidrip, dvd::rip
DOS Emulator	Dosemu, DosBox
Internet Tools	Google Earth, Ekiga SoftPhone, NX, WebHTTrack

If you have CD/DVD Repository you can choose and install more program into your linux system easier

Make Executable File

Make Executable File (all linux distro)

1. Linux don't say executable file from the extension but from the attributes. if you will make the executable file you must set its attributes to allow executable by type chmod +x or check Allow executing file as program in properties window

Head Cleaning HP Printer

Head Cleaning HP Printer (all linux distro)

1. Switch on your printer and make sure printer status is ready
2. Type sudo hp-toolbox
3. Enjoy (if you use linux, choose HP Printer not other)

Add password grub boot loader

Add password grub boot loader (linux distro with grub boot loader)

1. Type grub-md5-crypt (your password)
2. Enter your password and Retype
3. Copy displayed text that shown
4. Type sudo nano /etc/boot/grub/menu.lst
5. Insert password --md5 (yuor encrypted password) in boot loader that you want
6. Press CTRL+X then Y and ENTER to close nano editor